Systemantics: How Systems Really Work and How They Fail ↑

11.40.1.1 Start with a working simple system

A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked. A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work. You have to start over beginning with a working simple system.

Next: Gamma, Erich; Helm, Richard; Johnson, Ralph and Glissades, John